@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-weight:100 900;font-display:swap;src:url(fonts/source-sans-3.woff2) format("woff2")}
:root{color-scheme:dark;--bg:#343a40;--nav:#343a40;--fg:#e9ecef;--muted:#bdc2c7;--line:rgba(255,255,255,.2);--accent:#84b2ff;--surface:rgba(255,255,255,.1);--font:"Source Sans 3",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-padding-top:32px}body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);font-family:var(--font);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:var(--accent);text-underline-offset:3px}button,input{font:inherit}button{cursor:pointer;color:inherit;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;padding:7px 10px}button:hover{background:var(--surface)}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}.skip{position:fixed;top:-80px;left:16px;z-index:10;background:var(--bg);padding:12px}.skip:focus{top:10px}
.book-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:232px minmax(0,660px) 180px;column-gap:56px;max-width:1288px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px 0 0;align-items:start}
.sidebar{position:sticky;top:0;height:100dvh;overflow-y:auto;padding:36px 20px 28px 28px;background:var(--nav);border-right:1px solid var(--line);font-size:13px;scrollbar-width:thin}
.book-title{display:block;color:var(--fg);font-size:23px;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-.7px;line-height:1.18;text-decoration:none;margin-bottom:24px}.book-title span{display:block;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted);margin-top:9px}
.reader-tools{display:flex;gap:7px;margin-bottom:25px}.reader-tools button{font-size:12px}.reader-tools #search-open{flex:1;text-align:left}kbd{float:right;font:11px var(--font);color:var(--muted)}
.part{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:24px 0 8px}
#chapters a{display:flex;gap:10px;color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none;line-height:1.45;padding:7px 6px;margin:1px -6px;border-radius:4px}#chapters a:hover{color:var(--fg);background:var(--surface)}#chapters a[aria-current]{color:var(--fg);font-weight:600;background:var(--surface)}.chapter-number{font-size:11px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
main{padding:52px 0 40px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.7;min-width:0}main:focus{outline:none}.chapter-header{margin-bottom:28px}.eyebrow{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.035em;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 10px!important}h1{font-size:34px;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.2;margin:0;text-wrap:balance}h2{font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-.45px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.35;margin:38px 0 12px}h3{font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4;margin:28px 0 10px}p{margin:0 0 17px}strong{font-weight:600}ul,ol{padding-left:24px;margin:0 0 20px}li{margin-bottom:6px}section>h2:first-child{scroll-margin-top:24px}.header-section-number{display:none}
.outline{position:sticky;top:52px;padding-top:52px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5}.outline p{font-size:11px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:14px}.outline a{display:block;text-decoration:none;color:var(--muted);padding:5px 0}.outline a:hover{color:var(--fg)}
.chapter-navigation{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px;margin-top:48px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:24px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5}.chapter-navigation a{text-decoration:none}.chapter-navigation a:last-child{text-align:right}.chapter-navigation small{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;margin-bottom:5px}.chapter-navigation span{display:block}
code{font: .86em ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,monospace;background:var(--surface);border-radius:3px;padding:2px 4px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}pre{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;padding:16px;overflow:auto;line-height:1.6;margin:22px 0;font-size:13px}pre code{padding:0;background:none;white-space:pre}.sourceCode{overflow:auto}div.sourceCode{margin:22px 0}div.sourceCode pre{margin:0}
.book-table-scroll{overflow-x:auto;margin:24px 0}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;margin:24px 0}.book-table-scroll table{min-width:560px;margin:0}th,td{text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:11px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}th{font-weight:600;background:var(--surface)}caption{text-align:left;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;padding:10px 0}
figure{margin:24px 0;padding:0;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;overflow-x:auto}figcaption{padding:12px 16px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted)}figure p:empty{display:none}.cell{margin:24px 0}.cell figure{margin:0}.cell-output-display{overflow-x:auto}.diagram{padding:20px;overflow-x:auto}.diagram svg{display:block;margin:auto;height:auto}.layers>div{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:12px 16px;font-size:14px}.layers span{color:var(--muted)}
.mobile-header{display:none}dialog{background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;width:min(600px,calc(100% - 32px));max-height:75dvh;padding:20px;box-shadow:0 12px 60px #0003}dialog::backdrop{background:#0006}.search-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:15px}.search-top label{font-weight:600;font-size:14px}#book-search{width:100%;padding:12px;background:var(--surface);color:var(--fg);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px}#search-status{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:12px 0}#search-results{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}#search-results a{display:block;padding:12px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:14px;text-decoration:none}#search-results small{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;margin-top:4px}
@media(min-width:1450px){.book-layout{column-gap:68px;max-width:1330px}}
@media(max-width:1120px){.book-layout{grid-template-columns:212px minmax(0,660px);gap:36px;padding-right:32px}.outline{display:none}.sidebar{padding-left:22px}}
@media(max-width:760px){html{scroll-padding-top:78px}.mobile-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;position:sticky;top:0;padding:12px 20px;background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);z-index:4;font-size:13px}.mobile-header a{color:var(--fg);font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.mobile-header button{font-size:12px}.book-layout{display:block;padding:0 22px}.sidebar{display:none;position:fixed;top:59px;bottom:0;left:0;width:280px;height:calc(100dvh - 59px);z-index:3;padding:20px}.sidebar.open{display:block}.sidebar .book-title{display:none}main{padding:30px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}.chapter-header{margin-bottom:24px}h1{font-size:29px;letter-spacing:-.6px}h2{font-size:21px;margin-top:30px}h3{font-size:18px}.eyebrow{font-size:11px}p{margin-bottom:16px}.diagram{padding:14px}table{font-size:13px}th,td{padding:9px}.layers>div{flex-direction:column;gap:4px}.chapter-navigation{margin-top:32px;gap:20px}}
@media print{.sidebar,.outline,.mobile-header,.reader-tools,.skip,dialog{display:none}.book-layout{display:block;padding:0}main{max-width:none;font-size:11pt}.chapter-navigation{display:none}figure{break-inside:avoid}}

::selection{background:#84b2ff;color:#20262c}#chapters a[aria-current]{box-shadow:inset 2px 0 #c59118}.book-title{font-weight:550}main{font-size:17px;line-height:1.75}h1{font-weight:600}blockquote{margin:24px 0;padding-left:20px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted)}@media(max-width:760px){main{font-size:16px}}

/* A book contents list: position and weight identify the current chapter. */
.sidebar{background:var(--bg);border-right:0;padding-top:52px;font-size:15px}
.reader-tools{margin-bottom:28px}.reader-tools button{border:0;padding:4px 0;font-size:13px;border-radius:0}.reader-tools #search-open{flex:0 1 110px}.reader-tools{gap:22px}
#chapters a{position:relative;padding:6px 0;margin:3px 0;border-radius:0;gap:12px}
#chapters a:hover{background:none;color:var(--fg)}
#chapters a[aria-current]{box-shadow:none;background:none;color:var(--fg);font-weight:600}
#chapters a[aria-current]::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-12px;top:10px;bottom:10px;width:2px;background:var(--accent)}
.chapter-number{font-size:12px;min-width:16px;line-height:1.8}
.part{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;font-weight:500;margin:24px 0 8px}
main{font-size:19px;line-height:1.65}h1{font-size:38px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.65px;line-height:1.16}h2{font-size:26px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.25px;line-height:1.3;margin-top:40px}h3{font-size:21px}p{margin-bottom:20px}.eyebrow{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:0}.outline{font-size:14px}.outline p{font-size:12px;text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0}.chapter-header{margin-bottom:30px}
@media(max-width:760px){main{font-size:18px;line-height:1.65}h1{font-size:33px}h2{font-size:25px}.sidebar{padding:24px}.chapter-header{margin-bottom:26px}}

dialog{width:min(460px,calc(100% - 32px));max-height:60dvh;padding:16px;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 8px 28px #0002}.search-top{margin-bottom:10px}#book-search{padding:9px 10px}#search-results{max-height:36dvh;overflow-y:auto}#search-results a{padding:9px 0}.outline{max-height:calc(100dvh - 70px);overflow-y:auto;padding-top:0;top:58px;margin-top:58px}table{min-width:480px}.quarto-float-tbl{overflow-x:auto}

/* Keep subsection hierarchy visible in both versions of the page contents. */
.toc-level-3{margin-left:12px}.toc-level-4{margin-left:24px}.toc-level-5{margin-left:36px}.toc-level-6{margin-left:48px}
.mobile-outline{display:none}
@media(max-width:1120px){.mobile-outline{display:block;margin:0 0 28px;padding:12px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-size:15px;line-height:1.5}.mobile-outline summary{cursor:pointer;color:var(--muted)}.mobile-outline nav{padding-top:12px}.mobile-outline a{display:block;padding:5px 0;text-decoration:none;color:var(--muted)}.mobile-outline a:hover{color:var(--fg)}}
@media print{.mobile-outline{display:none}}

main a:visited{color:#b88dff}#chapters a[aria-current]{color:var(--accent)}

.wire-format{background:var(--bg);border-radius:2px}.wire-format table{table-layout:fixed;margin:0;font-size:14px;min-width:560px}.wire-format th,.wire-format td{text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:12px 6px}.wire-format th{font-weight:400;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px}.wire-format td{color:var(--fg)}.wire-format small{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.4}.wire-format .book-table-scroll{margin:0}.editorial-illustration img{display:block;width:100%;min-width:720px;height:auto}.editorial-illustration{background:var(--bg)}

.byte-example .hex-values td{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,monospace;font-size:22px;color:var(--accent);background:#84b2ff0d}.byte-example .hex-values td:nth-child(n+5){color:#c1a1ff;background:#c1a1ff0d}

.reader-tools .repository-link{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none;padding:4px 0}.reader-tools .repository-link:hover{color:var(--fg)}

.outline a,.mobile-outline a{position:relative}.outline a.is-current,.mobile-outline a.is-current{color:var(--accent);font-weight:600}.outline a.is-current::before,.mobile-outline a.is-current::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-9px;top:8px;bottom:8px;width:2px;background:var(--accent)}.outline nav{padding-left:10px}.mobile-outline nav{padding-left:10px}

/* Align nested packet labels without shrinking them to fit a wide flowchart. */
.packet-layout{padding:20px 20px 0}
.packet-layer{padding:14px;border:1px solid var(--line);text-align:center;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5}
.packet-layer>strong,.packet-note{display:block}
.packet-layer>.packet-layer,.packet-field{margin-top:12px}
.packet-field{padding:10px 12px;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line)}
.packet-note{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;margin-top:3px}
.packet-layout figcaption{margin:20px -20px 0}
@media(max-width:760px){.packet-layout{padding:12px 12px 0}.packet-layer{padding:9px}.packet-field{padding:8px}.packet-layout figcaption{margin:12px -12px 0}}